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U.S. Route 281 in Texas
U.S. Route 281 in Texas is a major north-south highway in the U.S. state of Texas. U.S. 281 runs from Brownsville, just north of the US-Mexico Border to the Texas-Oklahoma state line in Burkburnett north of Wichita Falls, concurrent with I-44.
==Route description==
US 281 is unique in that it has two beginnings. The western beginning is at Periférico Luis Echeverría at International Blvd in Hidalgo. US 281 is signed east/west at this point and travels north along International Blvd before turning right on Coma Avenue. US 281 continues along Coma Avenue until it meets the eastern split of the highway at Cage Blvd. US 281 begins its northward journey toward Canada at this point. The eastern split of US 281 begins at an intersection with Business US 77 and SH 48 about from the Mexico border. It travels along the border through the Rio Grande Valley, turning north at Pharr, travelling through many small towns, alternating as a divided highway and main street, until joining I-37. It splits with I-37 and travels through Pleasanton, travelling north to San Antonio. In San Antonio, US 281 overlaps I-410 on the south side of the city until the interchange with I-37. US 281 and I-37 then overlap north into Downtown San Antonio until I-37 ends at I-35. US 281 continues north from Downtown San Antonio as a freeway, intersecting I-410 again in Uptown San Antonio, with access to the San Antonio International Airport. A project to construct a stack interchange at I-410 (the "San Antonio Web") was completed June 9, 2008; formerly there was no direct access between the two freeways and surface streets were required travel between the freeways. The reason for this initial lack of direct interchange was due to litigation filed in the late 1960s against the Texas Highway Department over the highway's original construction alignment through portions of Brackenridge Park and Olmos Park that were alleged to be in violation of several Federal laws, ultimately including NEPA. As a result of the Supreme Court decision〔Citizens to Preserve Overton Park v. Volpe〕 in a more advanced and very similar case involving the proposed construction of I-40 through Overton Park in Memphis, Tennessee which upheld and affirmed the plaintiffs in that circumstance and precluded that highway's construction through the parkland with Federal funding, the Texas Highway Department chose instead to construct the McAlister Freeway entirely with State funding using a modified design that would increase curvature but limit encroachment into and noise impact on the Sunken Gardens area within Brackenridge Park. Funding of various highway projects from around Texas was re-allocated to the McAlister Freeway project, which was initially completed with only the indirect interchange via existing surface streets to Loop 410 since it required no Federal funding or approval and the Loop 410 overpass of that location where the McAlister Freeway main lanes would pass beneath had already been completed many years earlier. North of San Antonio, US 281 is not a freeway and forms the Main Street of Blanco. It overlaps US 290 south of Johnson City. US 290 continues toward Austin, so US 281 and US 290 between San Antonio and Austin are available as a scenic and less congested alternate to I-35.
North of San Antonio, US 281 continues through central and north-central Texas, passing through many towns, including Stephenville, Mineral Wells and Jacksboro before reaching Wichita Falls, where the highway begins a concurrency with I-44 north across the Red River into Oklahoma.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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